Hydrocele and Spermatocele Treatment in the Central Coast of California
What are Hydroceles and Spermatoceles?
Hydrocele and spermatocele are common conditions affecting the male reproductive system. While they are usually not harmful, they can cause discomfort and affect your quality of life.
A hydrocele is a buildup of fluid in the sac surrounding the testicle, called the tunica vaginalis. It may cause painless swelling of the scrotum and can vary in size. Hydroceles are typically not harmful but can be bothersome and might require treatment.
A spermatocele is a cyst-like structure that forms in the epididymis, a small tube behind the testicle. It contains fluid and sperm and can cause a painless lump or swelling in the scrotum. Spermatoceles are benign (non cancerous) and do not affect fertility.
Causes
The exact cause of both hydroceles and spermatoceles is not always clear, but they can develop due to:
- Injury or trauma to the scrotum
- Infection in the testicle or epididymis
- Blockage in the spermatic cord
- Congenital (present at birth)
Symptoms
Hydrocele
- Swelling of the scrotum, usually painless
- Discomfort or heaviness in the scrotum
Spermatocele
- Painless lump or swelling in the scrotum
- Discomfort or pressure
Diagnosis
Your doctor will diagnose hydrocele and spermatocele through a physical examination and may perform an ultrasound to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment Options
With a hydrocele or spermatocele, it is important to first treat the underlying cause, as this will often lead to the resolution of the swelling.
Observation
For small, painless hydroceles or spermatoceles that do not cause discomfort or affect your daily life, your doctor may recommend observation without immediate treatment. Depending on the circumstances, follow-up visits may be scheduled to monitor any changes in size or symptoms.
Aspiration (Drainage)
This procedure involves using a needle and syringe to remove the fluid from the hydrocele or spermatocele. This is a minor procedure performed in the clinic. Aspiration provides temporary relief from swelling but has a high recurrence rate. It is a less invasive option suitable for individuals who are not candidates for surgery.
Hydrocele or Spermatocele Repair (Surgery)
Surgical repair is recommended for larger, symptomatic, or recurrent hydroceles and spermatoceles. Hydrocelectomy involves removing the sac containing the fluid, and the surrounding tissues may be repaired to prevent recurrence. Spermatocelectomy aims to remove the spermatocele cyst. Both surgeries are typically performed as outpatient procedures (not requiring overnight stay in the hospital) through an incision in the scrotum.
Differences Between Adult and Pediatric Hydroceles
Pediatric Hydroceles
In infants and young boys, hydroceles are relatively common and often present at birth. Pediatric hydroceles are typically communicating, meaning there is a connection between the abdominal cavity and the scrotum allowing abdominal fluid to freely flow back and forth. Many pediatric hydroceles resolve spontaneously during the first year of life. Surgical intervention may be considered if a pediatric hydrocele persists, is associated with a hernia or if it becomes painful.
Adult Hydroceles
Adult hydroceles are more likely to be non-communicating, meaning there is no connection between the abdominal cavity and the scrotum.
